On This Day [DECEMBER)

December 1 : World AIDS Day; Great Union Day in Romania (1918)

December 1

: 1822 – Pedro I was crowned the first Emperor of Brazil, less than two months after he actually began his reign on October 12.

: On December 1, 1984, NASA and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) conducted the Controlled Impact Demonstration, where they deliberately crashed a Boeing 720 aircraft with the intent of improving occupant crash survivability. Seen left-to-right, top-to-bottom, the plane makes a practice approach, hits the ground, slides for a short distance, strikes posts cemented in the ground, and becomes engulfed in flames.

: 1775 – The USS Alfred becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the Stars and Stripes); the flag is hoisted by John Paul Jones.

December 2

: 1947 – Jerusalem Riots of 1947: Riots break out in Jerusalem in response to the approval of the 1947 UN Partition Plan.

: 1993 – Space Shuttle program: STS-61 – NASA launches the Space Shuttle Endeavour on a mission to repair the Hubble Space Telescope.

December 3

: is the 337th day of the year (338th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 28 days remaining until the end of the year.

: # 1799 – War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Wiesloch, Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal Sztáray de Nagy-Mihaly defeats the French at Wiesloch.

: # 1800 – War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French General Moreau defeats the Austrian Archduke John near Munich decisively, coupled with First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte's victory at Marengo effectively forcing the Austrians to sign an armistice and ending the war.

December 4

: 1259 – Kings Louis IX of France and Henry III of England agree to the Treaty of Paris, in which Henry renounces his claims to French-controlled territory on continental Europe (including Normandy) in exchange for Louis withdrawing his support for English rebels.

: # 1918 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson sails for the World War I peace talks in Versailles, becoming the first US president to travel to Europe while in office.

: # 1921 – The first Virginia Rappe manslaughter trial against Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle ends in a hung jury.

: # 1937 – The first issue of the children's comic, The Dandy Comic, is published, one of the first to use speech balloons.

: # 1939 – World War II: HMS Nelson is struck by a mine (laid by U-31) off the Scottish coast and is laid up for repairs until August 1940.

: # 1942 – Holocaust: In Warsaw, Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Wanda Krahelska-Filipowicz set up the Żegota organization.

: # 1942 – World War II: Carlson's patrol during the Guadalcanal Campaign ends.

: # 1943 – World War II: In Yugoslavia, resistance leader Marshal Josip Broz Tito proclaims a provisional democratic Yugoslav government in-exile.

: # 1943 – World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt closes down the Works Progress Administration, because of the high levels of wartime employment in the United States.

: # 1945 – By a vote of 65 to 7, the United States Senate approves United States participation in the United Nations (the UN is established on October 24, 1945).

: 1977 – Malaysia Airlines Flight 653 is hijacked and crashes in Tanjong Kupang, Johor, killing 100.

Malaysia Airlines Flight 653 (MH653), a Boeing 737-2H6 aircraft registered as 9M-MBD (delivered September 1972 as 9M-AQO), crashed at Tanjung Kupang, Johor, in Malaysia on the evening of 4 December 1977.[1] It was the deadliest and first fatal accident for Malaysia Airlines, with all 93 passengers and 7 crew killed instantly.[2][3] The flight was apparently hijacked as soon as it reached cruise altitude. The circumstances in which the hijacking and subsequent crash occurred remain unsolved.

source : Malaysia Airlines Flight 653

December 5

: 1492 – Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to set foot on the island of Hispaniola, now Haiti and the Dominican Republic.

: 1876 – Brooklyn Theater Fire kills at least 278 people in Brooklyn, NY.

: # 1941 – World War II: In the Battle of Moscow Georgy Zhukov launches a massive Soviet counter-attack against the German army, with the biggest offensive launched against Army Group Centre.

: # 1941 – World War II: Great Britain declares war on Finland, Hungary and Romania.

: # 1943 – World War II: U.S. Army Air Force begins attacking Germany's secret weapons bases in Operation Crossbow.

: # 1944 – World War II: Allied troops occupy Ravenna.

: # 1945 – Flight 19 is lost in the Bermuda Triangle.

Flight 19 was the designation of five TBM Avenger torpedo bombers that disappeared on December 5, 1945 during a United States Navy-authorized overwater navigation training flight from Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale, Florida. All 14 airmen on the flight were lost, as were all 13 crew members of a PBM Mariner flying boat assumed to have exploded in mid-air while searching for the flight. Navy investigators could not determine the cause for the loss of Flight 19 but said the aircraft may have become disoriented and ditched in rough seas after running out of fuel.

source : Flight 19

December 6


: Independence Day in Finland (1917); Constitution Day in Spain

: 1917 – World War I: USS Jacob Jones became the first American destroyer to be sunk by enemy action when it was torpedoed by German submarine SM U-53.

: 1989 – Claiming that he was "fighting feminism", 25-year-old Marc Lépine killed fourteen women before committing suicide at École Polytechnique in Montreal.

Marc Lépine (October 26, 1964 – December 6, 1989) was a 25-year-old man from Montreal, Canada who murdered fourteen women and wounded ten women and four men[1] at the École Polytechnique, an engineering school affiliated with the Université de Montréal, in the "École Polytechnique massacre", also known as the "Montreal Massacre".[2][3]

source : Fighting Feminism

December 7

7 Disember merupakan hari ke-341 (hari ke-342 dalam tahun lompat) dalam kalendar Gregory. Tinggal 24 hari sebelum memasuki tahun selepasnya.

Hari juga merupakan Hari Bendera Angkatan Tentera di India dan Día de las Velitas di Colombia.

1732 - Royal Opera House (gambar teater) dibuka di Covent Garden, London, England.

1815 - Marsyal Perancis Michel Ney dihukum tembak sampai mati dekat Taman Luxembourg, Paris kerana menyokong Napoleon Bonaparte.

1941 - Perang Dunia Kedua: Tentera Laut Empayar Jepun melancarkan serangan mengejut ke atas Pearl Harbor di Hawaii.

1949 - Perang Saudara Cina: Kerajaan Republik China berpindah dari tanah besar China ke Taipei di pulau Taiwan.

1965 - Perpecahan Timur-Barat: Bapa Athenagoras I dari Constantinople dan Paus Paul VI mengeluarkan pengisytiharan bersama Katolik-Ortodoks dan dengan itu, membubarkan secara serentak pengucilan saling yang wujud sejak 1054.

1995 - Kapal angkasa lepas Galileo tiba di Musytari, enam tahun lebih sedikit selepas dilancarkan oleh bolak-balik angkasa lepas Atlantis dalam misi STS-34.

2007 - Sebuah baj kren terlanggar dengan kapal tangki berhampiran Daesan, Korea Selatan, menyebabkan tumpahan minyak terteruk negara itu.

2009 - Persidangan Perubahan Iklim Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu dibuka di Copenhagen, Denmark.

December 8

Hari Perlembagaan di Romania (1991); Perayaan Konsepsi Suci dalam Katolik Rom; Hari Bodhi di Jepun.

Paus Pius IX

1854 – Paus Pius IX (gambar) mengisytiharkan takrif dogmatik untuk Konsepsi Suci.

1941 – Holokus: Kem tumpuan Chelmno di Poland, kem penghapusan Nazi pertama yang menggunakan gas beracun, memulakan operasinya.

1980 – Bekas anggota Beatle John Lennon ditembak di luar pangsapuri Dakota di Bandar Raya New York.

1991 – Para pemimpin Belarus, Rusia dan Ukraine bersetuju membubarkan Kesatuan Soviet dan mengasaskan Komanwel Negara-Negara Merdeka.

2004 – 12 negara Amerika Selatan menandatangani Perisytiharan Cusco, membentuk asas Kesatuan Negara-Negara Amerika Selatan.

December 9

1793 – New York City's first daily newspaper, the American Minerva, is established by Noah Webster.

1861 – American Civil War: The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War is established by the U.S. Congress.

# 1872 – In Louisiana, P. B. S. Pinchback becomes the first serving African-American governor of a U.S. state.

# 1875 – The Massachusetts Rifle Association, "America's Oldest Active Gun Club", is founded.

December 10

1817 – Mississippi becomes the 20th U.S. state.

1868 – The first traffic lights are installed, outside the Palace of Westminster in London. Resembling railway signals, they use semaphore arms and are illuminated at night by red and green gas lamps.

1901 – The first Nobel Prizes are awarded.

1906 – U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt wins the Nobel Peace Prize, becoming the first American to win a Nobel Prize.

December 11

1816 – Indiana becomes the 19th U.S. state.

1907 – The New Zealand Parliament Buildings are almost completely destroyed by fire.

1934 – Bill Wilson, co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, takes his last drink and enters treatment for the last time.

1962 – Arthur Lucas, convicted of murder, is the last person to be executed in Canada.

1972 – Apollo 17 becomes the sixth and last Apollo mission to land on the Moon.

December 12

1917 – In Nebraska, Father Edward J. Flanagan founds Boys Town as a farm village for wayward boys.

# 1940 – World War II: Approximately 70 people are killed in the Marples Hotel, Fitzalan Square, Sheffield as a result of a German air raid.

# 1941 – World War II: Fifty four Japanese A6M Zero fighters raid Batangas Field, Philippines. Jesús Villamor and four Filipino fighter pilots fend them off; César Basa is killed.

# 1941 – World War II: USMC F4F "Wildcats" sink the first 4 major Japanese ships off Wake Island.

# 1941 – World War II: UK declares war on Bulgaria. Hungary and Romania declare war on the United States. India declares war on Japan.

# 1941 – Adolf Hitler announces extermination of the Jews at a meeting in the Reich Chancellery

# 1942 – World War II: German troops begin Operation Winter Storm, an attempt to relieve encircled Axis forces during the Battle of Stalingrad.

December 13

# 1941 – World War II: Hungary and Romania declare war on the United States.

# 1943 – World War II: The Massacre of Kalavryta by German occupying forces in Greece.

1949 – The Knesset votes to move the capital of Israel to Jerusalem.

December 14

1287 – St. Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses, killing over 50,000 people.

1782 – The Montgolfier brothers' first balloon lifts off on its first test flight.

1819 – Alabama becomes the 22nd U.S. state.

# 2006 – American spy satellite USA-193 is launched.

# 2008 – President George W. Bush makes his fourth and final (planned) trip to Iraq as president and is almost struck by two shoes thrown at him by Iraqi journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi during a news conference in Baghdad.

December 15

December 15: Kingdom Day in Aruba, Curaçao, the Netherlands, and Sint Maarten (1954); Zamenhof Day

1467 – Troops under Stephen III of Moldavia defeated the forces of Matthias Corvinus of Hungary in present-day Baia, Romania.

1864 – American Civil War: Union troops defeated the Army of Tennessee, one of the largest Confederate forces, at the Battle of Nashville.

1942 – World War II: The Americans engaged Imperial Japanese forces at the Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse in the hills near the Matanikau River area on Guadalcanal during the Guadalcanal Campaign.

1946 – US-backed Iranian troops brought an end to the Iran crisis when they marched upon the breakaway Republic of Mahabad and recaptured the territory.

2005 – The F-22 Raptor (pictured), a stealth fighter aircraft that the United States Air Force claimed is unmatched by any known or projected fighter, entered into service despite a protracted and costly development period.

December 16

# 1991 – Independence of The Republic of Kazakhstan.

# 1997 – An episode of Pokémon, "Dennō Senshi Porygon", aired in Japan induces seizures in 685 Japanese children.

# 1998 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Operation Desert Fox – The United States and United Kingdom bomb targets in Iraq.

# 2003 – President George W. Bush signs the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 into law. The law establishes the United States' first national standards for the sending of commercial e-mail and requires the Federal Trade Commission to enforce its provisions.

December 17

2003 – The Soham murder trial ends at the Old Bailey in London, with Ian Huntley found guilty of two counts of murder. His girlfriend Maxine Carr is found guilty of perverting the course of justice.

more stories click here :

2003 – SpaceShipOne flight 11P, piloted by Brian Binnie, makes its first supersonic flight.

December 18

# 1944 – World War II: 77 B-29 Superfortress and 200 other aircraft of U.S. Fourteenth Air Force bomb Hankow, China, a Japanese supply base.

# 1956 – Japan joins the United Nations.

2006 – The first of a series of floods strikes Malaysia. The death toll of all flooding is at least 118, with over 400,000 people displaced.

more stories click here :

December 19

1843 – A Christmas Carol (frontispiece pictured) by Charles Dickens, a novella about the miser Ebenezer Scrooge and his conversion after being visited by three Christmas ghosts, was first published.

1941 – World War II: Three Italian Royal Navy manned torpedoes detonated limpet mines on British Royal Navy ships, sinking two battleships.

December 20

1995 – American Airlines Flight 965, a Boeing 757, crashes into a mountain 50 km north of Cali, Colombia killing 160.

2007 – Elizabeth II becomes the oldest ever monarch of the United Kingdom, surpassing Queen Victoria, who lived for 81 years, 7 months and 29 days.

December 21

1937 - Filem cetera animasi Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs yang berdasarkan cerita pari-pari Puteri Salji oleh Grimm Bersaudara mengadakan tayangan perdananya.

1968 - Penerbangan manusia pertama ke Bulan (dan jasad cakerawala lain), Apollo 8 dilancarkan dari Pusat Angkasa Kennedy di Florida, A.S.

1988 - Sebutir bom memusnahkan Penerbangan 103 Pan Am ketika pesawat itu berada di ruang udara Lockerbie, Scotland, membunuh 270 orang termasuk 11 di atas tanah.

December 22

1951 – The Selangor Labour Party is founded in Selangor, Malaya.

1963 – The cruise ship Lakonia burns 180 miles (290 km) north of Madeira with the loss of 128 lives.

2010 – The repeal of the Don't Ask Don't Tell policy, the 17-year-old policy banning on homosexuals serving openly in the United States military, is signed into law by President Barack Obama.

December 23

1793 – French Revolution: The Royalist counterrevolutionary army was decisively defeated in the Battle of Savenay, although fighting continued in the War in the

1938 – A South African fisher discovered the first living specimen of a coelacanth (pictured), long believed to be extinct.

December 24

1941 – World War II: Kuching is conquered by Japanese forces.

1966 – A Canadair CL-44 chartered by the United States military crashes into a small village in South Vietnam, killing 129.

1968 – Apollo Program: The crew of Apollo 8 enters into orbit around the Moon, becoming the first humans to do so. They performed 10 lunar orbits and broadcast live TV pictures that became the famous Christmas Eve Broadcast, one of the most watched programs in history.

December 25

# 2007 – A tiger at the San Francisco Zoo escapes from its enclosure and attacks three people, killing one.

# 2009 – Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab unsuccessfully attempts a terrorist attack against the US while on board a flight to Detroit Metro Airport Northwest Airlines Flight 253

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