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A cast of the extinct hominid species Sahelanthropus tchadensis holotype cranium, dubbed "Toumaï", in facio-lateral view. The original cranial fragment is dated to about 7 million years ago and was discovered in Chad. Other than Toumaï, the only Sahelanthropus remains to be discovered are five pieces of jaw and some teeth.

Photo: Didier Descouens


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The Atlantic spadefish is a species of marine fish endemic to the shallow waters off the coast of the southeastern United States and in the Caribbean Sea. They are similar in appearance to fresh water angelfish, but much larger, reaching up to three feet (0.9 m) in length. Due to their reputation as strong fighters, they are popular game fish, especially during the summer months when they are most active.
Photo: Matthew Hoelscher, Papa Lima Whiskey



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Lilit Benang Hitam pada budak adalah amalan syirik

Soalan

MENJADI kebiasaan atau kelaziman di kampung saya, apabila terdapat kanak-­kanak menghadapi masalah kesihatan khususnya yang kerap menangis lebih daripada biasa, dibawa kepada perawat, lalu tangannya diikat dengan benang hitam atau benang berwarna lain, dengan pelbagai warna sebagai ikhtiar untuk perlindungan daripada pelbagai gangguan. Apakah rawatan dan amalan seperti ini diharuskan oleh syarak?

Jawapan dari Tuan Guru Dato’ Dr. Haron Din

Saya sendiri pernah melihat perbuatan seperti itu dan sudah banyak kali kanak-kanak yang pada tangannya dipakaikan benang dibawa kepada saya untuk dirawat, Saya dengan bahasa yang penuh diplomasi meminta supaya benang hitam atau sebagainya termasuk tangkal, hendaklah dibuang dahulu sebelum saya mengikhtiarkan rawatan.Amalan dan kelaziman yang disebut dalam soalan tadi, sebenarnya berten­tangan dengan ajaran Islam. Banyak hadis yang memberi penjelasan, antaranya hadis yang bermaksud: “Uqbah Ibnu ‘Amir berkata, ‘Saya pernah mendengar Rasulullah s.a.w. bersabda yang bermaksud, barang siapa yang meng­gantung tangkal (Damimah) maka Allah SWT tidak akan menyempurnakan hajat­nya dan barang siapa yang menggantung objek seperti kulit siput (Wada’ah), maka Allah tidak akan menenteramkannya.’”

Jelas daripada hadis ini Nabi s.a.w. melarang sebarang penggunaan tangkal. Tangkal dirujuk kepada benang, tali atau apa sahaja yang dipakai pada badan, untuk tujuan mendapat faedah yang diharamkan kepada orang yang memakainya. Dalam hadis lain (mahfumnya ): Rasulullah s.a.w. telah lihat ada satu lilitan seperti gelang (halaqah) yang dipakai di tangan seorang lelaki, lalu baginda bertanya lelaki itu, ‘Apakah yang kamu pakai ini? “Lelaki itu menjawab, “Aku jadikannya sebagai pendinding atau pengadang diriku daripada sebarang kelemahan.”

“Lalu baginda bersabda kepadanya, ‘Sesungguhnya benda-benda seperti ini, tidak akan menambahkan kepada mu melainkan kelemahan jua, buanglah ia kerana sesungguhnya, sekiranya kamu mati dalam keadaan memakai benda seperti ini, kamu akan diserahkan kepada benda itu.” (Hadis riwayat ‘Imran bin Hussain dan Imam Ahmad Ibni Hambal). Dalam hadis lain (mafhumnya): “Dan Abu Bashir al-Ansari meriwayatkan, pada suatu ketika beliau telah bersama dengan Rasulullah s.a.w. dalam satu perjalanan dengan menunggang unta, maka baginda melihat ada unta-unta yang dipakaikan tangkal kepada unta tersebut.

“Lalu baginda memerintahkan kepada kami, agar apa sahaja rantai, kalungan (qilaadah) yang terdapat pada mana-mana unta hendaklah dipotong dan dibuang.” (Hadis riwayat aI-Bukhari dan Muslim). Sebab utama mengapa Nabi s.a.w. memerintah dilakukan demikian, sebab utamanya seperti yang disebut oleh Imam Ibnu Jauzi iaitu, orang-orang Arab mem­percayai bahawa dengan memakai tangkal pada unta, akan selamat daripada gangguan. Kepercayaan sedemikian boleh membawa kepada syirik, samalah dengan persoalan yang dikemukakan tadi.

Ingatlah bahawa dengan mengikat benang hitam pada lengan kanak-kanak, atau membuat tangkal dengan simpulan benang pelbagai warna dipakai di leher atau di pinggang kanak-kanak atau orang tua­-tua, atas kepercayaan ia boleh memberi manfaat kepada manusia, kesemuanya dilarang. Terdapat dalam hadis lain Nabi saw. menyebut (mafhumnya): “Sesiapa yang mengikat simpulan benang lalu meniup kepada benang itu dan dipakai, maka dia telah syirik kepada Allah SWT.”

Oleh yang demikian maka eloklah dihentikan amalan-amalan seperti itu.

Waalahu a’lam.



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HUNGER GAMES



Release Date: 22 March 2012
Language: English
Subtitle: Malay / Chinese
Genre: Thriller / Science Fiction
Running Time:
Director: Gary Ross
Cast: Jennifer Lawrence, Josh Hutcherson, Liam Hemsworth

Synopsis: Every year in the ruins of what was once North America, the nation of Panem forces each of its twelve districts to send a teenage boy and girl to compete in the Hunger Games. Part twisted entertainment, part government intimidation tactic, the Hunger Games are a nationally televised event in which "Tributes" must fight with one another until one survivor remains. Pitted against highly-trained Tributes who have prepared for these Games their entire lives, Katniss is forced to rely upon her sharp instincts as well as the mentorship of drunken former victor Haymitch Abernathy. If she's ever to return home to District 12, Katniss must make impossible choices in the arena that weigh survival against humanity and life against love.

(Source: NUSANTARA EDARAN FILMS)










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BUNOHAN



Release Date: 08 March 2012
Language: Malay
Subtitle: Info Not Available
Genre: Action / Drama
Running Time: 1 Hour 37 Minutes
Director: Dain Said
Cast: Faizal Hussein, Zahiril Adzim, Pekin Ibrahim, Bront Palarae, Sofi Jikan, Nam Ron, Wan Hanafi Su, Amerul Affendi, Jimmy Lor, Tengku Azura

Synopsis: Set in a border town in northeastern Malaysia of the same name, BUNOHAN tells the powerful story of three estranged brothers - Adil, Bakar and Ilham - and their ailing father, whose fates become tragically intertwined in a web of deceit and corruption. After fleeing a deathmatch in Thailand, Adil the kickboxer is on the run from Ilham the hitman. The chase brings them to Bunohan, where they crash into the shady schemes of the ambitious businessman, Bakar. The trio's unlikely homecoming brings to light the past of Pok Eng the patriarch, whose secrets will unravel the lives of all. Each man's unfulfilled struggle for reconciliation and forgiveness leads to the violence of loss, betrayal, corruption and murder.

(Source: Mega Serv Sdn. Bhd)




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THE LORAX



Release Date: 08 March 2012
Language: English
Subtitle: Malay / Chinese
Genre: Animation
Running Time: 1 Hour 35 Minutes
Director: Chris Renaud, Kyle Balda
Cast: Zac Efron, Danny DeVito, Ed Helms, Taylor Swift, Betty White

Synopsis: From the Makers of Despicable Me. Despite warnings from the tree-loving Lorax, a greedy entrepreneur strips a forest of its stock of Truffula trees to manufacture clothing.

(Source: UNITED INTERNATIONAL PICTURES)



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SEEFOOD



Release Date: 08 March 2012
Language: English
Subtitle: Malay / Chinese
Genre: Animation
Running Time: 1 Hour 32 Minutes
Director: Goh Aun Hoe
Cast: Gavin Yap, Diong Chae Lian, Christina Orow, Kennie Dowle, Jason Daud Cottom, Andrew Susay, Brian Zimmerman, Colin Chong, Adila Shakir (Dilly), Tikriti Shabudin, Rob Middleton, Chi-Ren Choong, Steven Tan, Maxwell Andrew, Mike Swift, Jay Sheldon, Ramona Rahman, Amelia T Henderson

Synopsis: Come join Pup and Julius, on a fun-filled adventure to a place filled with colorful characters and unending mystery - land! When poacher steal dozens of egg sacks from Pup's reef, he make it his mission to save his brothers and sisters no matter how impossible the task may seem. His determination to make right what is wrong takes him above water, into Man's world - a landscape frought with beauty and danger - an exciting destination the young bamboo shark could never ever have imagined! Afraid for Pup's safety, Julius embarks on his own quest to bring home his best pal. In an outlandish 'fish-suit', you will believe a shark can walk on land in his thrill-a-minute action, laugh out loud comedy, great for the entire family!

(Source: GRAND BRILLIANCE)








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JOHN CARTER



Release Date: 08 March 2012
Language: English
Subtitle: Malay / Chinese
Genre: Adventure / Science Fiction
Running Time: 2 Hours 12 Minutes
Director: Andrew Stanton
Cast: Taylor Kitsch, Lynn Collins, Samantha Morton, Mark Strong

Synopsis: JOHN CARTER OF MARS brings this captivating hero to the big screen in a stunning adventure epic set on the wounded planet of Mars, a world inhabited by warrior tribes and exotic desert beings. Based on the first of Edgar Rice Burroughs' "Barsoom Series," the film chronicles the journey of Civil-War veteran John Carter (TAYLOR KITSCH), who finds himself battling a new and mysterious war amidst a host of strange Martian inhabitants, including Tars Tarkas (WILLEM DAFOE) and Dejah Thoris (LYNN COLLINS).

(Source: WALT DISNEY STUDIOS MOTION PICTURES)





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Eastern bettong

The eastern bettong (Bettongia gaimardi) is a marsupial whose natural range includes south-eastern Australia (where it has been extinct) and the eastern part of Tasmania. Sometimes referred to as a "rat-kangaroo", it is relatively small, rarely exceeding 2 kg (4.4 lb), but will travel up to 1.5 km (0.93 mi) from its nest to find food.
Photo: JJ Harrison





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Ultima Underworld: The Stygian Abyss is a first-person role-playing video game released in March 1992 for IBM PC compatible systems running DOS. Set in the fantasy world of the Ultima series, it was developed by Blue Sky Productions (later Looking Glass Studios). The protagonist has to find and rescue a baron's kidnapped daughter from an underground cave system that contains the remnants of a failed utopian civilization. It introduced many technological innovations and has been hailed as the first first-person perspective role-playing game with 3D computer graphics. Although it was not an immediate commercial success, the effects of critical acclaim and word of mouth caused sales to reach nearly 500,000. The game has been highly influential. It is said to have inspired "all 3D RPG titles from Morrowind to World of Warcraft", and the designers of BioShock, Tomb Raider and other major 3D games have cited it as an inspiration for their own work. It resulted in one sequel, 1993's Ultima Underworld II: Labyrinth of Worlds.





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Alitta succinea

Alitta succinea is a species of marine annelid that has been recorded throughout the North Atlantic and European seas, as well as in the Gulf of Maine and South Africa. It can reach up to 15 cm (6 in) in length, but most specimens are smaller than this. It has an identifiable head with four eyes, two sensory feelers or palps, and many tentacles
Photo: Hans Hillewaert



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Titan is the largest moon of Saturn, the only natural satellite known to have a dense atmosphere, and the only object other than Earth for which clear evidence of stable bodies of surface liquid has been found. Discovered on 25 March 1655 by the Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens, Titan is the sixth ellipsoidal moon from Saturn. Frequently described as a planet-like moon, it is the second-largest natural satellite in the Solar System, after Jupiter's moon Ganymede, and it is larger by volume than the smallest planet, Mercury. Titan itself is primarily composed of water ice and rocky material. Its dense, opaque atmosphere meant that little was known of the surface features or conditions until the Cassini–Huygens mission in 2004. Although mountains and several possible cryovolcanoes have been discovered, its surface is relatively smooth and few impact craters have been found. Owing to the existence of stable bodies of surface liquids and its thick nitrogen-based atmosphere, Titan has been cited as a possible host for microbial extraterrestrial life or, at least, as a prebiotic environment rich in complex organic chemistry.





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Dirang dibunuh



Dirang dibunuh
Oleh Salman Hamat, Mahaizura Abd Malik dan Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof
am@hmetro.com.my

JOHOR BAHRU: Misteri kehilangan kanak-kanak berusia lima tahun, Nurul Nadirah Abdullah, dari kediamannya di Flat Seri Delima, Bandar Seri Alam pada 1 Mac lalu terjawab apabila polis mengesahkan dia mati dibunuh. Ketua Polis Daerah Seri Alam, Superintendan Roslan Zainuddin berkata, mayat rentung yang ditemui berhampiran kediaman berkenaan pada 8 Mac lalu dikenal pasti sebagai mayat Nadirah atau lebih mesra dipanggil Dirang.

“Kami menemui satu mayat rentung di Nusa Damai di sini, pada 8 Mac lalu dan siasatan di lokasi kejadian berjaya menemui serpihan tulang. “Kami juga berjaya mendapatkan sampel deoxyribonucleic asid (DNA) daripadanya. Ia dihantar ke makmal dan hasilnya mendapati ia sepadan dengan DNA ibu mangsa,” katanya, di sini, semalam.

Menurut Roslan, siasatan awal mendapati rangka berkenaan adalah milik manusia dewasa, tetapi selepas siasatan lanjut dijalankan, ia sebenarnya milik kanak-kanak malang itu. “Berikutan pengesahan DNA itu, kes berkenaan kini disiasat mengikut Seksyen 302 Kanun Keseksaan kerana membunuh berbanding sebelum ini yang disiasat atas aduan orang hilang. “Semua empat individu termasuk bapa kandung mangsa yang ditahan sebelum ini akan dilanjutkan tempoh tahanan reman bagi membantu siasatan,” katanya.

Menurut Roslan, pihaknya juga belum dapat memastikan motif sebenar kejadian.
Roslan berkata, berdasarkan pemeriksaan di lokasi kejadian, mayat yang ditemui pada 8 Mac lalu itu rentung teruk hingga menyukarkan pihaknya membuat pengecaman. Sebelum ini, penemuan serpihan rangka manusia di dalam kawasan ladang kelapa sawit Nusa Damai pada 8 Mac lalu menggemparkan penduduk sekitar kerana menyangka ia milik Dirang. Rangka manusia yang awalnya disangka dewasa dibakar hingga rentung itu ditemui di dalam sebuah lubang oleh orang awam sebelum memaklumkannya kepada polis.
Siasatan awal polis mendapati serpihan rangka manusia berkenaan sudah dibakar lebih dari lima hari hingga menyukarkan proses untuk mengenal pasti identiti dan jantinanya.




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Ibu meraung ratapi pemergian Dirang

PASIR GUDANG: Suasana sayu menyelubungi rumah Nurul Nadirah Abdullah apabila ibunya, Roselyn Alan, meraung sebaik mengetahui kematian anak kesayangannya, daripada polis kira-kira jam 6.45 petang selepas keputusan ujian DNA diperoleh.

Roselyn, 25, menangis tanpa henti dengan sesekali memanggil nama Dirang menyebabkan anggota keluarga dan jiran mangsa turut menitiskan air mata.

Ibu saudara mangsa, Merlinda Budin, 22, tidak menyangka mimpi melihat mangsa menangis dengan tangan diikat dan mulut ditutup pita pelekat dalam sebuah pondok yang sedang terbakar di ladang kelapa sawit, akhirnya menjadi kenyataan apabila dimaklumkan mengenai kematian Dirang.
“Dalam mimpi itu saya melihat dengan jelas Dirang menangis dengan keadaan tangan diikat dan mulut ditutup dalam sebuah pondok yang sedang terbakar. Malah dalam mimpi itu, Dirang berulang kali memanggil saya supaya dikeluarkan daripada api.

“Saya cuba menyelamatkannya sebelum terjaga. Saya memaklumkan mimpi kepada Roselyn dan kami berusaha mencarinya di lokasi seperti dalam mimpi tetapi tidak menemuinya,” katanya.

Merlinda tidak menyangka kejadian itu boleh berlaku terhadap Dirang kerana pada hari kejadian dia terserempak dengan anak saudaranya itu.

“Ketika bertembung dengan Dirang saya sempat bertanya hendak ke mana tetapi dia tidak menjawab tetapi hanya tersenyum dan berjalan ke arah kedai. Saya pula terus pulang.
“Bagaimanapun, saya mula berasa tidak kena apabila ibu Dirang mundar-mandir di bawah flet sebelum memaklumkan Dirang tidak pulang selepas ke kedai pada waktu pagi,” katanya.

Sementara itu nenek Dirang, Milnah Jul, 52, berkata sebelum polis datang, Roselyn terus mencari anaknya apabila penemuan rangka di kebun sawit Khamis lalu dikatakan bukan anaknya.

“Dia senang hati apabila mayat itu dikatakan bukan Dirang, tetapi apabila menerima berita jam 6.45 petang tadi Roselyn tidak dapat menerima berita kematian Dirang.

“Saya tidak menyangka Dirang diperlakukan sekejam itu sehingga kanak-kanak kecil itu dibunuh dan dibakar. Saya tidak tahu apa salah Dirang. Saya harap binatang yang melakukan perkara ini mendapat balasan sewajarnya,’ katanya.

Terdahulu, Roselyn ketika ditemui tengah hari, berkata dia menerima panggilan telefon dan khidmat pesanan ringkas (SMS) daripada seorang wanita yang tidak dikenali mengugut akan membunuh Dirang jika tidak dibayar wang tebusan sehingga RM30,000.

“Antara SMS yang saya terima: “Kalau kau mahu anak kau, aku mahu wang RM10,000 di Taman Tengku Anis masa jam 12 tengah hari, kalau tidak anak kau mati”, "Kalau kau tak datang pada hari Ahad anak kau akan dijual di Thailand,” katanya.

Roselyn berkata, ugutan itu diterima pada malam Rabu lalu daripada seorang wanita yang mendakwa menyimpan anaknya itu dan meminta wang tebusan RM30,000 dihantar ke Taman Tengku Anis, Kota Bharu, Kelantan.

Katanya, selepas wanita itu mematikan telefon, beliau cuba menghubunginya tetapi tidak berjawab sehinggalah beliau menghantar SMS supaya wanita itu menghantar gambar anaknya sebagai bukti dan mendengar suara Dirang.

“Wanita itu membalas SMS dengan meminta menjelaskan wang terlebih dulu sebelum menunaikan permintaan saya. Keesokannya, saya sekali lagi menerima SMS daripada nombor sama meminta saya menyediakan wang RM10,000 di tempat yang sama pada jam 12 tengah hari atau anak saya akan mati.

“Saya cuba menghubunginya sekali lagi tetapi tiada jawapan sehinggalah Jumaat lalu, saya mendapat satu lagi SMS meminta membawa wang tunai RM10,000 dan menghantarnya pada Ahad ke taman sama. Wanita itu juga mengugut akan menjual Dirang kepada sindiket kanak-kanak di Thailand,” katanya.

Roselyn berkata, susulan daripada panggilan telefon dan SMS itu, beliau memaklumkannya kepada pegawai penyiasat yang mengendalikan kes anaknya untuk tindakan lanjut.





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Dirang dibunuh, bakar


JOHOR BAHRU: Nurul Nadirah Abdullah atau Dirang, 5, (kiri) yang dilaporkan hilang dari rumahnya di Flet Sri Delima, Bandar Seri Alam, sejak 13 hari lalu, disahkan dibunuh dan dibakar selepas ujian DNA rangka manusia yang ditemui rentung di ladang kelapa sawit Nusa Damai, Khamis lalu, dilakukan.

Ketua Polis Daerah Seri Alam, Superintendan Roslan Zainuddin, berkata pengesahan itu dibuat selepas Jabatan Kimia membandingkan sampel DNA mayat yang dijumpai itu dengan ibu mangsa, Roselyn Alan, 25.

Keputusan DNA itu hanya diperoleh kira-kira jam 2 petang semalam.
JOHOR BAHRU: Nurul Nadirah Abdullah atau Dirang, 5, yang dilaporkan hilang dari rumahnya di Flat Sri Delima, Bandar Seri Alam, sejak 13 hari lalu, disahkan dibunuh dan dibakar selepas ujian DNA rangka manusia yang ditemui rentung di ladang kelapa sawit Nusa Damai, Khamis lalu, dilakukan.

Ketua Polis Daerah Seri Alam, Superintendan Roslan Zainuddin, berkata pengesahan itu dibuat selepas Jabatan Kimia membandingkan sampel DNA mayat yang dijumpai itu dengan ibu mangsa, Roselyn Alan, 25. Keputusan DNA itu hanya diperoleh kira-kira jam 2 petang semalam.

Rangka manusia itu dijumpai kira-kira jam 9 pagi dalam sebuah lubang yang baru digali di ladang itu, 3.5 kilometer dari rumah mangsa jika melalui jalan ladang dan 20 kilometer mengikut laluan biasa.

Nurul Nadirah dilaporkan hilang selepas ke kedai runcit di tingkat bawah blok perumahan bersebelahan kediamannya untuk membeli mi segera dan telur dengan membawa wang tunai RM4, dalam kejadian jam 10 pagi 1 Mac lalu.
Kehilangannya menimbulkan tanda tanya apabila sebelah seliparnya ditemui dalam kebun sawit berhampiran perumahan itu, manakala satu lagi ditemui 500 meter dari situ dengan telur yang dibelinya pecah dan mi segera bertaburan.

Sehingga ini, polis menahan empat individu termasuk bapa kandung mangsa dan sepasang suami isteri bagi membantu siasatan.

Serpihan rangka manusia yang dibakar itu ditemui orang ramai lapan hari selepas kehilangan mangsa tetapi polis pada mulanya menyangka rangka itu individu dewasa berikutan saiznya,

Siasatan awal polis mendapati serpihan rangka manusia itu dibakar lebih daripada lima hari hingga sukar untuk mengenal pasti identiti serta jantinanya.

Roslan berkata, tempoh tahanan reman empat suspek termasuk bapa kandung Nurul Nadirah yang ditahan Khamis lalu, dilanjutkan bagi membolehkan siasatan dijalankan dengan terperinci.

Katanya, bapa kandung mangsa ditahan sehingga 19 Mac ini manakala tempoh penahanan tiga lagi suspek termasuk sepasang suami isteri disambung sehingga 16 Mac.








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Bumi (Jawi: بومي) ialah sebuah planet yang terletak dalam Sistem Suria. Planet ketiga daripada matahari, jarak antara keduanya ialah 149.6 juta kilometer. Bumi adalah satu-satunya tempat di alam semesta di mana kehidupan diketahui wujud.




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Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, aged ten or eleven

Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor is represented in this anonymous portrait as a young Archduke in his native Spain. He left Spain in his early twenties, to start his life as future King of the Romans and successor to his grandfather, Maximilian I. His older brother Charles eventually succeeded as Holy Roman Emperor, but Ferdinand inherited the Empire after Charles's death. Philip, Charles's son, inherited Spain and became King Philip II of Spain. Ferdinand ruled between 1558 and 1564, for nearly six years.
Painting by an anonymous Spanish artist




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A human eye displaying partial heterochromia iridum, where part of one iris is a different color from its remainder. Eye color, specifically the color of the irises, is determined primarily by the concentration and distribution of melanin. Shown here is an example of central heterochromia, where there are two colors in the same iris.
Photo: Adam Cuerden





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Gadis Cina 17 Tahun Memeluk Islam

Loo Jo Yee adalah seorang gadis berusia 18 tahun dari etnik Cina di Malaysia. Keluarga Jo Yee merupakan pengikut agama kristian yang kuat. Dan beliau bakal menjadi seorang paderi di sebuah gereja. Disebabkan itu, keluarga beliau sangat bantah hingga menganggap masuk Islam adalah sangat menghinakan bagi keluarganya.

Loo Jo Yee sebenarnya telah memeluk Islam ketika masih berusia 17 tahun. Disebabkan di Malaysia mempunyai undang-undang untuk memeluk agama Islam bermula umur 18 tahun sahaja, beliau terpaksa menangguhkan dulu permohonan tersebut sehingga umurnya mencecah usia 18 tahun sekarang.

Beliau tiada nama Islam kerana sekarang ini, seseorang muallaf sudah tidak perlu menukar nama kepada nama Islam, dan hanya perlu ber'binti'kan kepada Abdullah serta tak perlu tukar bangsa. Maka namanya kekal Loo Jo Yee binti Abdullah.



Loo Jo Yee mendapat hidayah melalui dua peristiwa yang menarik.

1. Jo Yee mempunyai ramai rakan-rakan yang beragama Islam. Mereka telah berdebat tentang agama masing-masing. Ketika itu, beliau bermatlamat untuk membawa rakan-rakan Islam memeluk agama Kristian. Namun, untuk berdebat dengan rakan-rakan, beliau telah mengkaji Al-Quran, membaca kisah Nabi Muhammad s.a.w dan mengkaji kemunculan Islam untuk mencari kelemahan Islam.

Semakin beliau mengkaji, semakin lama beliau mula tertarik dengan ajaran Islam. Beliau sendiri mengaku bahawa di dalam Bible banyak perkara yang telah diolah hingga menyimpang dari perkara sebenar. Oleh itu, Jo Yee mengkaji Islam dengan lebih mendalam untuk mencari perkara yang sebenar. Dengan itu, beliau telah mendapat ketenangan jiwa ketika membaca Al-Quran. Itu adalah hidayah pertama Loo Jo Yee.

2. Jo Yee pernah disyaki menghidap penyakit thyroid di bahagian leher. Doktor mengesahkan 90% besar kemungkinan adalah penyakit tersebut. Beliau merasakan ini adalah penamat bagi kehidupan beliau walaupun masih muda. Rakan-rakan Islam Jo Yee banyak memberi galakkan kepada beliau untuk cuba memohon doa kepada Allah Taala. Beliau cuba dengan menadah tangan, menangis dan hanya berserah kepada Allah.

Keesokan harinya, ketika beliau menjalani medical check-up, doktor mengesahkan penyakit itu bukan kanser. Disebabkan itu, beliau yakin dengan kuasa Allah taala dan beliau terus mengucap 2 kalimah syahadah serta-merta. Subhanallah.. Allahuakhbar!

Selepas bergelar muallaf, banyak dugaan yang Jo Yee terpaksa terima. Beliau dipulau rakan-rakan dan keluarga tercinta. Tapi, beliau sangat bersyukur kerana mendapat keluarga angkat di Ipoh yang mengambil berat terhadap beliau. Beliau juga merasa terharu kerana telah dipilih Allah untuk mendapat hidayah ketika berumur 17 tahun, sedangkan remaja yang seusia beliau sibuk bersuka-ria hingga jauh tersasar. Jo Yee berharap selepas ini dia berpeluang untuk berdakwah kepada remaja-rakan yang seusia dengan cara tersendiri.

SZ : Orang bukan Islam pun boleh tertarik dengan Islam. Kenapa kita ni masih lalai dan jauh dari-Nya? Adakah kita hanya Islam sebab keturunan? Nauzubillah...














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Tumbuhan


Tumbuhan merupakan salah satu daripada alam benda hidup yang terdapat di alam semesta.

Tumbuhan merupakan organisma yang terkandung dalam alam Plantae. Biasanya, organisma yang menjalankan proses fotosintesis diklasifikasikan sebagai tumbuhan. Tumbuhan memerlukan cahaya matahari untuk menjalani proses fotosintesis.

Tumbuhan merangkumi semua benda hidup yang mampu menghasilkan makanan dengan menggunakan klorofil untuk menjalani proses fotosintesis dan menghasilkan kanji. Sel tumbuhan berbeza dengan sel haiwan dalam beberapa segi termasuk sel tumbuhan mempunyai dinding sel.

Secara amnya tumbuhan dibahagikan kepada :-

1. tumbuhan berbunga sama ada:
1. pokok berbuah
2. pokok tidak berbuah
2. tumbuhan tidak berbunga.

Dari perspektif biologi, tumbuhan merujuk kepada organisma hidup dalam alam tumbuhan. Dalam penggunaan harian, ia mungkin tidak begitu tepat sebagaimana diterangkan di bawah.



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Species Haiwan


Pelbagai jenis haiwan

Haiwan (atau juga istilah lain seperti binatang dan fauna), adalah salah satu daripada hidupan yang terdapat di alam semesta. Haiwan terdiri daripada yang mempunyai satu sel hinggalah kepada yang mempunyai banyak sel.

Ahli sains mengkelaskan haiwan kepada dua kumpulan yang besar, iaitu haiwan bertulang belakang dan haiwan tanpa tulang belakang.

* Haiwan yang bertulang belakang disebut Vertebrata.
* Haiwan tanpa tulang belakang disebut Invertebrata.

Haiwan juga dikelaskan menurut jenis permakanan mereka.

* Haiwan yang memakan daging dikenali sebagai haiwan karnivor.
* Haiwan yang memakan tumbuhan dikenali sebagai haiwan herbivor.
* Haiwan yang memakan daging dan tumbuhan dikenali sebagai haiwan omnivor.

Haiwan bertulang belakang

Mamalia - ialah haiwan yang berdarah panas (suhu badan yang malar), biasanya berbulu dan menyusui anak. Contoh mamalia ialah singa, harimau, kucing dan paus.







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Today's featured picture


Diatomaceous earth

Diatomaceous earth – a naturally occurring, soft, siliceous sedimentary rock made up of the cell walls/shells of single cell diatoms – as viewed under bright field illumination on a light microscope. The primary uses of diatomaceous earth are for cleaning (scouring), filtration, heat-resistive insulation and as an inert absorbent substrate.
Photo: Richard Wheeler





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Murder of Julia Martha Thomas



The murder of Julia Martha Thomas, dubbed the "Barnes Mystery" or the "Richmond Murder" by the press, was one of the most notorious crimes in late 19th-century Britain. Thomas, a widow in her 50s who lived in Richmond in west London, was murdered on 2 March 1879 by her maid, Kate Webster, a 30-year-old Irishwoman with a history of theft. Webster disposed of the body by dismembering it, boiling the flesh off the bones, and throwing most of what was left into the River Thames. It was alleged, although never proven, that she had offered the fat to neighbours and street children as dripping and lard. Part of Thomas's remains were subsequently recovered from the river. Her severed head remained missing until October 2010, when it was found during building works being carried out for Sir David Attenborough, the naturalist.

After the murder, Webster posed as Thomas for two weeks, but was exposed and fled back to Ireland and her uncle's home at Enniscorthy near Killanne, County Wexford. She was arrested there on 29 March and was returned to London, where she stood trial at the Old Bailey in July 1879. At the end of a six-day trial she was convicted and sentenced to death after a jury of matrons rejected her last-minute attempt to avoid the death penalty by pleading pregnancy. She finally confessed to the murder the night before she was hanged, on 29 July, at Wandsworth Prison. The case attracted huge public interest and was widely covered by the press in Great Britain and Ireland. Webster's behaviour after the crime and during the trial further increased the notoriety of the murder.

Background

Julia Martha Thomas was a former schoolteacher who had been twice widowed. Since the death of her second husband in 1873 she had lived on her own at 2 Mayfield Cottages (also known as 2 Vine Cottages) in Park Road in Richmond. The house was a two-storey semi-detached villa built in grey stone with a garden at the front and back. The area was not heavily populated at the time, although her house was close to a public house called The Hole in the Wall.[1]

Thomas was described by her doctor, George Henry Rudd, as "a small, well-dressed lady" who was about fifty-four years old.[2] According to Elliot O'Donnell, summing up contemporary accounts in his introduction to a transcript of Webster's trial, Thomas was said to have an "excitable temperament" and was regarded by her neighbours as eccentric. She frequently travelled, leaving her friends and relatives unaware of her whereabouts for weeks or months at a time.[3] She was a member of the lower middle class and as such was not wealthy, but she habitually dressed up and wore jewellery to give the impression of prosperity.[4] Her desire to employ a live-in domestic servant probably had as much to do with status as with practicality. However, she had a reputation for being a harsh employer and her irregular habits meant that she had difficulty finding and retaining servants. Before 1879 she had only been able to keep one maid for any length of time.[4]

On 29 January 1879, Thomas took on Kate Webster as her servant. Webster had been born as Kate Lawler in Killane in County Wexford in about 1849. She was later described by The Daily Telegraph as "a tall, strongly-made woman of about 5 feet 5 inches in height with sallow and much freckled complexion and large and prominent teeth."[3] The details of her early life are unclear, as many of her later autobiographical statements proved unreliable, but she claimed to have been married to a sea captain called Webster by whom she had four children. According to her account, all of the children died, as did her husband, within a short time of each other. She was imprisoned for larceny in Wexford in December 1864, when she was only about 15 years old,[5] and came to England in 1867.[6] In February 1868 she was sentenced to four years of penal servitude for committing the same crime in Liverpool.[7]

She was released from jail in January 1872 and by 1873 she had moved to Rose Gardens in Hammersmith, London where she became friends with a neighbouring family called Porter.[8] On 18 April 1874 she gave birth to a son, whom she named John W. Webster, in Kingston-upon-Thames.[9] The identity of the father is unclear, as she named three different men at various times. One, a man named Strong, was her accomplice in further robberies and thefts. She later claimed to have been forced into crime as she had been "forsaken by him, and committed crimes for the purpose of supporting myself and child".[10] She moved frequently around West London using various aliases, including Webb, Webster, Gibbs, Gibbons, and Lawler. While living in Teddington she was arrested and convicted in May 1875 of 36 charges of larceny. She was sentenced to eighteen months in Wandsworth Prison. Not long after leaving prison she was arrested again for larceny and was sentenced to another twelve months' imprisonment in February 1877.[11] Her young son was cared for in her absence by Sarah Crease, a friend who worked as a charwoman for a Miss Loder in Richmond.[7]

In January 1879 Sarah Crease fell ill and Webster stood in for her as a temporary replacement at Loder's house. Loder knew Julia Martha Thomas as a friend and was aware of her wish to find a domestic servant. She recommended Webster on the basis of the latter's temporary work for her.[12] When Thomas met Webster, she engaged her on the spot, though she did not appear to have made any inquiries about Webster's character or past.[13] After Webster was taken on by Thomas, the relationship between the two women appears to have deteriorated rapidly. Thomas disliked the quality of Webster's work and frequently criticised it. Webster later said:



At first I thought her a nice old lady ... but I found her very trying, and she used to do many things to annoy me during my work. When I had finished my work in my rooms, she used to go over it again after me, and point out places where she said I did not clean, showing evidence of a nasty spirit towards me.[14]

Webster in turn became increasingly resentful of Thomas, to the point that Thomas attempted to persuade friends to stay with her as she did not like to be alone with Webster. It was arranged that Webster would leave Thomas's service on 28 February.[12] Thomas recorded her decision in what was to be her last diary entry: "Gave Katherine warning to leave".[15]



Webster persuaded Thomas to keep her on for a further three days, until Sunday 2 March. She had Sunday afternoons off as a half-day and was expected to return in time to help Thomas prepare for evening service at the local Presbyterian church. On this occasion, however, Webster visited the local alehouse and returned late, delaying Thomas' departure. The two women quarrelled and several members of the congregation later reported that Thomas had appeared "very agitated" on arriving at the church.[12] She told a fellow congregant that she had been delayed by "the neglect of her servant to return home at the proper time", and said that Webster had "flown into a terrible passion" upon being rebuked.[16] Thomas returned home from church early, about 9 pm, and confronted Webster. According to Webster's eventual confession:

Mrs. Thomas came in and went upstairs. I went up after her, and we had an argument, which ripened into a quarrel, and in the height of my anger and rage I threw her from the top of the stairs to the ground floor. She had a heavy fall, and I became agitated at what had occurred, lost all control of myself, and, to prevent her screaming and getting me into trouble, I caught her by the throat, and in the struggle she was choked, and I threw her on the floor.[17]

The neighbours, a woman named Ives (who was Thomas' landlady) and her mother, heard a single thump like that of a chair falling over but paid no heed to it at the time.[18] Next door, Webster began disposing of the body by dismembering it and boiling it in the laundry copper and burning the bones in the hearth. She later described her actions:

I determined to do away with the body as best I could. I chopped the head from the body with the assistance of a razor which I used to cut through the flesh afterwards. I also used the meat saw and the carving knife to cut the body up with. I prepared the copper with water to boil the body to prevent identity; and as soon as I had succeeded in cutting it up I placed it in the copper and boiled it. I opened the stomach with the carving knife, and burned up as much of the parts as I could.[17]

The neighbours noticed an unusual, unpleasant smell.[19] Webster spoke later of how she was "greatly overcome, both from the horrible sight before me and the smell".[17] However, the activity at 2 Mayfield Cottages did not seem to be out of the ordinary, as it was customary in many households for the washing to begin early on Monday morning.[19] Over the next couple of days Webster continued to clean the house and Thomas' clothes and put on a show of normality for people who called for orders. Behind the scenes she was packing Thomas' dismembered remains into a black Gladstone bag and a corded wooden bonnet-box.[20] She was unable to fit the murdered woman's head and one of the feet into the containers and disposed of them separately, throwing the foot onto a rubbish heap in Twickenham.[19] The head was buried under the Hole in the Wall pub's stables a short distance from Thomas' house, where it was found 131 years later.[21]



On 4 March, Webster travelled to Hammersmith to see her old neighbours the Porters, whom she had not seen for six years. Wearing Thomas' silk dress and carrying a Gladstone bag which she had filled with some of Thomas' remains, Webster introduced herself to the Porters as "Mrs. Thomas". She claimed that since last meeting the Porters she had married, had a child, had been widowed and had been left a house in Richmond by an aunt. She invited Porter and his son Robert to the Oxford and Cambridge Arms pub in Barnes.[22] Along the way she disposed of the bag she was carrying, probably by dropping it into the River Thames, while the Porters were inside the pub drinking.[20] It was never recovered.[23] Webster then asked young Robert Porter if he could help her carry a heavy box from 2 Mayfield Cottages to the station. As they crossed Richmond Bridge, Webster dropped the box into the Thames. She was able to explain it away and did not arouse Robert's suspicions.[19]

The following day, however, the box was found washed up in shallow water next to the river bank about a mile downstream. It was spotted by Henry Wheatley, a coal porter, who was driving his cart past Barnes Railway Bridge shortly before seven in the morning. He initially thought that the box might contain the proceeds of a burglary.[24] He recovered the box and opened it, finding that it contained what looked like body parts wrapped in brown paper.[25] The discovery was immediately reported to the police and the remains were examined by a doctor, who found that they consisted of the trunk (minus entrails) and legs (minus one foot) of a woman. The head was missing and was later assumed to have been thrown into the river by Webster.[26] Around the same time, a human foot and ankle were found in Twickenham. Although it was clear that all of the remains belonged to the same corpse, there was nothing to connect them with Thomas and no means to identify the remains.[19] The doctor who examined the body parts erroneously attributed them to "a young person with very dark hair".[25] After an inquest on 10–11 March, which resulted in an open verdict on the cause of death,[27] the unidentified remains were laid to rest in Barnes Cemetery on 19 March.[28] The newspapers dubbed the unexplained murder the "Barnes Mystery",[29] amid speculation that the body had been used for dissection and anatomical study.[25]



It was later alleged that Webster had offered two pots of lard, supposed to have been rendered from Thomas' boiled fat, to a neighbour. However, no evidence about this was offered at the subsequent trial and it seems likely that the story is merely a legend, particularly as several versions of the story appear to exist.[26] The proprietress of a nearby pub claimed that Webster had visited her pub and tried to sell what she called "best dripping" there. Leonard Reginald Gribble, a writer on criminology, commented that "there is no acceptable evidence that such a repulsive sale was ever made, and it is more than possible that the episode belongs rightfully with the rest of the vast collection of apocryphal stories that has accumulated, not unnaturally, about the persons and deeds of famous criminals."[30]

Webster continued to live at 2 Mayfield Cottages while posing as Thomas, wearing her late employer's clothes and dealing with tradespeople under her newly assumed identity. On 9 March she reached an agreement with John Church, a local publican, to sell Thomas' furniture and other goods to furnish his pub, the Rising Sun. He agreed to pay her £68 with an interim payment of £18 in advance.[31] By the time the removal vans arrived on 18 March, the neighbours were becoming increasingly suspicious as they had not seen Thomas for nearly two weeks. Her next-door neighbour Miss Ives asked the deliverymen who had ordered the goods removed. They replied "Mrs. Thomas" and indicated Webster. Realising that she had been exposed, Webster fled immediately, catching a train to Liverpool and travelling from there to her family home at Enniscorthy. Meanwhile, Church realised that he had been deceived. When he went through Thomas' clothes in the delivery van he found a letter addressed to the real Thomas. The police were called in and searched 2 Mayfield Cottages. There they discovered blood stains, burned finger-bones in the hearth and fatty deposits behind the copper, as well as a letter left by Webster giving her home address in Ireland. They immediately put out a "wanted" notice giving a description of Webster and her son.[32]



Scotland Yard detectives soon discovered that Webster had fled back to Ireland aboard a coal steamer in the company of her young son. The head constable of the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) in Wexford realised that the woman being sought by Scotland Yard was the same person whom his force had arrested 14 years previously for larceny. The RIC were able to trace her to her uncle's farm at Killanne near Enniscorthy[5] and arrested her there on 29 March.[28] She was taken to Kingstown (modern Dún Laoghaire), from where she travelled, in the custody of the Scotland Yard men, back to Richmond via Holyhead.[15] On hearing of the crime for which she was charged, her uncle refused to give shelter to her son and the authorities sent the boy to the local workhouse, until such time as a place could be found for him in an industrial school.[15]

Kate Webster's trial and execution

The murder caused a sensation on both sides of the Irish Sea. When the news broke many people travelled to Richmond to look at Mayfield Cottages.[15] The crime was just as notorious in Ireland; as Webster travelled under arrest from Enniscorthy to Dublin, crowds gathered to gawk and jeer at her at nearly every station between the two locations.[33] The pre-trial magistrates' hearings were attended by "many privileged and curious persons ... including not a few ladies", according to the Manchester Guardian.[34] The Times reported that Webster's first appearance at Richmond Magistrates' Court was greeted by "an immense crowd yesterday around the building ... and very great excitement prevailed."[35]

Webster went on trial at the Central Criminal Court – the Old Bailey – on 2 July 1879. In a sign of the great public interest aroused by the case, the prosecution was led by the Solicitor General, Sir Hardinge Gifford. Webster was defended by a prominent London barrister, Warner Sleigh, and the case was presided over by Mr. Justice Denman.[36] The trial was just as well-attended as the earlier hearings in Richmond and attracted intense interest from all levels of society; on the fourth day of the trial, the Crown Prince of Sweden – the future King Gustaf V – turned up to watch the proceedings.[37]

Over the course of six days, the court heard a succession of witnesses piecing together the complicated story of how Thomas had met her death. Webster had attempted before the trial to implicate the publican John Church and her former neighbour Porter, but both men had solid alibis and were cleared of any involvement in the murder.[38] She pleaded not guilty and her defence sought to emphasise the circumstantial nature of the evidence and highlighted her devotion to her son as a reason why she could not have been capable of the murder.[39] However, Webster's public unpopularity, impassive demeanour and scanty defence counted strongly against her.[38] A particularly damning piece of evidence came from a bonnetmaker named Maria Durden who told the court that Webster had visited her a week before the murder and had said that she was going to Birmingham to sell some property, jewellery and a house that her aunt had left her. The jury interpreted this as a sign that Webster had premeditated the murder[40] and convicted her after deliberating for about an hour and a quarter.[41]

Shortly after the jury returned its verdict and just before the judge was about to pass sentence, Webster was asked if there was any reason why sentence of death should not be passed upon her. She pleaded that she was pregnant in an apparent bid to avoid the death penalty.[42] The Law Times reported that "[u]pon this a scene of uncertainty, if not of confusion, ensued, certainly not altogether in harmony with the solemnity of the occasion." The judge commented that "after thirty-two years in the profession, he was never at an inquiry of this sort." Eventually the Clerk of Assize suggested using the archaic mechanism of a jury of matrons, constituted from a selection of the women attending the court, to rule upon the question of whether Webster was "with quick child".[43] Twelve women were sworn in along with a surgeon named Bond, and they accompanied Webster to a private room for an examination that only took a couple of minutes.[44] They returned a verdict that Webster was not "quick with child", though this did not necessarily mean that she was not pregnant – a distinction that led the president of the Obstetrical Society of London to protest at the use of "the obsolete medical assumption that the unborn child is not alive until the so-called 'quickening.'"[45]

A few days before Webster was due to be executed an appeal was submitted on her behalf to the Home Secretary, R. A. Cross. It was turned down with an official statement that after considering the arguments put forward, the Home Secretary had "failed to discover any sufficient ground to justify him in advising Her Majesty to interfere with the due course of the law."[46]

Before she was executed, Webster made two statements confessing to the crime. In her first, she implicated Strong, the father of her child, whom she said had participated in the murder and was responsible for leading her into a life of crime. She recanted on 28 July, the night before she was due to be executed, making a further statement in which she took sole responsibility and exonerated Church, Porter, and Strong of any involvement.[40] She was hanged the following day at Wandsworth Prison at 9 am, where the hangman, William Marwood, used his newly developed "long drop" technique to cause instantaneous death.[47] After her death was certified, she was buried in an unmarked grave in one of the prison's exercise yards.[48] The crowd waiting outside cheered as a black flag was raised over the prison walls, signifying that the death sentence had been carried out.[49]



An auction of Thomas' property was held at 2 Mayfield Cottages on the day after Webster's execution. John Church, the publican, managed to obtain Thomas' furniture after all, along with numerous other personal effects including her pocket-watch and the knife with which Thomas had been dismembered. The copper in which Thomas' body had been boiled was sold for five shillings.[50] Other visitors contented themselves with taking small pebbles and twigs from the garden as souvenirs.[51] The house itself remained unoccupied until 1897, as nobody would live there after the murder. Even then, according to the occupant, servants were reluctant to work at such a notorious place.[52] It was later rumoured that a "ghostly nun" could be seen hovering over the place where Thomas had been buried.[53]



Discovery of Julia Martha Thomas' skull

In 1952, the naturalist David Attenborough and his wife Jane bought a house situated between the former Mayfield Cottages (which still stand today) and the Hole in the Wall pub.[68] The pub closed in 2007 and fell into dereliction but was bought by Attenborough in 2009 to be redeveloped.[69]

On 22 October 2010, workmen carrying out excavation work at the rear of the old pub uncovered a "dark circular object", which turned out to be a woman's skull. It had been buried underneath foundations that had been in place for at least 40 years, on the site of the pub's stables. It was immediately speculated that the skull was the missing head of Julia Martha Thomas, and the coroner asked Richmond police to carry out an investigation into the identity and circumstances of death of the skull's owner.[70]

Carbon dating carried out at the University of Edinburgh found that it was dated between 1650 and 1880, but it had been deposited on top of a layer of Victorian tiles. The skull had fracture marks consistent with Webster's account of throwing Thomas down the stairs, and it was found to have low collagen levels, consistent with it being boiled. In July 2011, the coroner concluded that the skull was indeed that of Thomas. DNA testing was not possible as she had died childless and no relatives could be traced; in addition, there was no record of where the rest of her body had been buried.[21]

The coroner recorded a verdict of unlawful killing, superseding the open verdict recorded in 1879. The cause of Thomas' death was given as asphyxiation and a head injury. The police called the outcome "a good example of how good old-fashioned detective work, historical records and technological advances came together to solve the ‘Barnes mystery’."[71]



View of buildings in Park Road, Richmond, associated with the murder of Julia Martha Thomas. (Left: the former Mayfield Cottages, where the murder took place; centre behind trees, the house of the naturalist Sir David Attenborough; right, the former Hole in the Wall pub, where Thomas' skull was discovered on 22 October 2010).



















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